Passive Suppression of Aeroelastic Instabilities of In-flowwings by Targeted Energy Transfers to Lightweight Essentially Nonlinear Attachments

Abstract. Theoretical and experimental suppression of aeroelastic instabilities by means of broadband passive targeted energy transfers has been recently studied. A single-degree-offreedom (SDOF) nonlinear energy sink (NES) was coupled to a 2-DOF rigid wing modeled in the low-speed, subsonic regime with quasi-steady aerodynamic theory. The nonlinear attachment was designed and optimized to suppress the critical nonlinear modal energy exchanges between the flow and the (pitch and heave) wing modes, thus suppressing the (transient) triggering mechanism of aeroelastic instability. We performed bifurcation analysis to find regions of robust passive aeroelastic suppression in parameter space. Then, we employed multi-degreeof-freedom nonlinear energy sinks (MDOF NESs) to improve robustness of the aeroelastic instability suppression. Bifurcation analysis by a numerical continuation technique demonstrated that controlling the occurrence of a limit point cycle (LPC or saddle-node) bifurcation point above a Hopf bifurcation point is crucial to enhancing suppression robustness. MDOF NESs not only can enhance robustness of suppression against even strong gust-like disturbances, but they require lower NES mass compared to SDOF NES designs. The validity of the theoretical findings was proven by a series of wind tunnel experiments.